Chart Patterns, Indicators, and Price Action
Technical analysis is the study of price and volume to forecast future market direction. Whether you trade chart patterns, candlestick signals, or indicator-based strategies, this hub connects all our technical analysis content.
Accumulation/Distribution is a volume-based indicator measuring cumulative money flow, showing whether a stock is being accumulated or distributed.
ADX measures trend strength on a scale of 0-100, without indicating direction. Higher ADX means stronger trend; lower means weak or no trend.
ATR measures average price volatility over a period, showing how much an asset typically moves, used for stop loss placement and position sizing.
Average True Range (ATR) is a smoothed average of true ranges measuring how much an instrument moves per bar, used to set dynamic stops and size po...
Bollinger Bands is a volatility indicator with three lines: a 20-period SMA flanked by upper and lower bands set at ±2 standard deviations from tha...
Breakout is when price closes above resistance or below support with above-average volume, signaling a potential new trend direction.
A candlestick is a price chart element showing open, high, low, and close for a period, with body color revealing whether price closed higher or lo...
CCI measures price deviation from its average, oscillating typically between +100 and -100 to identify overbought and oversold conditions.
Chaikin Money Flow is a volume-weighted indicator measuring buying and selling pressure over a period, oscillating between -1 and +1.
Confluence is the alignment of two or more independent technical signals at the same price level or moment, increasing the probability that a trade...
Consolidation is a period of sideways price movement within a defined range, representing a pause in trend direction with declining volume before a...
Cumulative Delta is the running total of volume transacted at the ask minus volume at the bid, showing whether aggressive buyers or sellers are in ...
Cup and handle is a bullish continuation pattern resembling a tea cup, with a rounded bottom followed by a small pullback before breakout.
Dark Cloud Cover is a two-candle bearish reversal pattern where a bullish candle is followed by a bearish candle that opens above the prior high bu...
A Death Cross occurs when the 50-day moving average crosses below the 200-day moving average, signaling a potential bearish trend.
Divergence is a technical signal where price moves opposite to a momentum indicator, flagging momentum exhaustion and a potential trend reversal or...
A Doji is a candlestick where open and close prices are virtually equal, creating little to no body — signaling market indecision between buyers an...
Donchian Channel plots the highest high and lowest low over a period, creating a channel that identifies breakout levels.
Double Bottom is a bullish reversal pattern formed when price tests a support level twice, bouncing up both times, resembling the letter W on a chart.
A double top is a bearish reversal pattern formed when price reaches a resistance level twice without breaking through, resembling the letter M.
Elliott Wave Theory is a technical framework proposing that prices move in repeating 5-wave impulse and 3-wave corrective cycles driven by collecti...
EMA gives more weight to recent prices than older prices, making it faster to respond to price changes than SMA.
An engulfing pattern is a two-candle reversal signal where the second candle's body completely contains the first, indicating a potential trend cha...
Evening Star is a bearish three-candle reversal pattern at an uptrend's peak: large bullish candle, small indecision candle, then a large bearish c...
A fair value gap (FVG) is a three-candle price imbalance where the middle candle's body extends beyond the wicks of the surrounding candles, leavin...
Fibonacci extension is a technical tool that projects price targets beyond a swing high using ratios like 127.2%, 161.8%, and 261.8% to identify ta...
Fibonacci retracement uses horizontal lines at key ratios (23.6%, 38.2%, 50%, 61.8%) to identify potential support and resistance levels.
Flag pattern is a short-term continuation pattern with a sharp move (pole) followed by a rectangular consolidation (flag) before continuation.
Footprint chart is a specialized candlestick displaying bid and ask volume at each price tick inside the bar, exposing buying vs. selling aggressio...
A gap is an area on a chart where no trading occurred, created when price opens significantly above or below the previous close.
Gap fill is when price retraces to close the unfilled range between a prior session's close and the next session's open, erasing the price void.
A Golden Cross occurs when the 50-day moving average crosses above the 200-day moving average, signaling a potential bullish trend.
Gravestone Doji is a single candlestick where open, close, and low meet at the bottom while a long upper shadow shows buyers were fully overwhelmed...
A hammer is a bullish candlestick with a small body at the top of its range and a lower shadow at least twice the body length, signaling reversal a...
Hanging Man is a single-candle bearish reversal pattern forming after an uptrend, with a small body at top and a lower shadow at least 2x the body ...
Harami is a two-candle reversal pattern where the second candle's body fits entirely within the first candle's body, signaling a potential trend re...
Harmonic patterns are price structures that combine geometric XABCD shapes with precise Fibonacci ratios to identify high-probability reversal zone...
Head and shoulders is a reversal chart pattern with three peaks where the middle peak (head) is higher than the two surrounding peaks (shoulders), ...
Heikin-Ashi is a modified candlestick charting technique that averages OHLC price data to smooth noise and show trend direction more clearly than s...
Higher highs and lower lows is the structural signature of trend direction: rising peaks and troughs define uptrends; falling peaks and troughs def...
Ichimoku Cloud is an all-in-one indicator showing support, resistance, trend direction, and momentum using five calculated lines.
Inside bar is a candlestick pattern where the current candle's high and low are completely within the previous candle's range.
Keltner Channel is a volatility-based indicator with bands plotted around an EMA, using ATR for band width instead of standard deviation.
MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence) is a momentum indicator showing the relationship between two moving averages of price.
Market breadth is a measure of how many stocks are participating in a market move, using advancing vs. declining issues, new highs vs. lows, and pe...
Market internals are real-time breadth indicators — NYSE TICK, TRIN, and the Advance-Decline Line — used by day traders to gauge institutional orde...
Market Profile is a charting method using TPO letters to show time spent at each price level per session, forming a bell-curve that reveals fair va...
Market Structure Break (MSB) is a price action signal where a candle closes beyond a key swing high or low against the prevailing trend, signaling ...
Marubozu is a candlestick with no upper or lower wicks, where price opens at one session extreme and closes at the other, signaling complete one-si...
Money Flow Index is a volume-weighted RSI that measures buying and selling pressure, oscillating between 0 and 100.
Morning star is a bullish three-candle reversal pattern at the end of a downtrend, consisting of a bearish candle, small-bodied star candle, and bu...
Moving Average is a continuously recalculated average of a security's price over a defined lookback period, used to smooth noise and identify trend...
Multi-Timeframe Analysis is the practice of examining the same asset across two or more chart timeframes to align higher-timeframe trend bias with ...
On-Balance Volume (OBV) is a cumulative volume indicator that adds volume on up days and subtracts on down days, confirming price trends.
Opening range is the high and low price established in the first 5, 15, or 30 minutes of a trading session, used to identify breakout entry points.
Order flow trading is the analysis of real-time buy and sell orders — via DOM, tape, footprint charts, and cumulative delta — to infer institutiona...
Overbought describes a condition where price has risen too quickly and may be due for a pullback or reversal.
Oversold describes a condition where price has fallen too quickly and may be due for a bounce or reversal.
Parabolic SAR is a trend-following indicator that places dots above or below price, providing potential stop levels and trend direction.
A pin bar is a candlestick with a long wick and small body showing sharp price rejection at a level, signaling a potential reversal.
Pivot points are calculated support and resistance levels based on previous day's high, low, and close prices.
Point of Control (POC) is the price level with the highest traded volume in a Volume Profile — the market's fairest price and a key support/resista...
Price action is a trading methodology that uses raw candlestick data, chart patterns, and structural levels to identify supply and demand imbalance...
Relative Strength is a measure of how a stock's price performance compares to a benchmark like the S&P 500 over a set lookback period, identifying ...
Relative Volume (RVOL) is the ratio of current trading volume to the average volume for the same intraday time window, revealing whether unusual ac...
Renko Chart is a price-only charting method that plots fixed-size bricks only when price moves a set amount, ignoring time completely.
Resistance is a price level where selling interest is strong enough to prevent further advance, causing price to reverse or consolidate.
Rate of Change is a momentum indicator measuring the percentage change in price over a specified period, showing speed of price movement.
RSI is a momentum oscillator measuring speed and change of price movements on a scale of 0-100, indicating overbought or oversold conditions.
Shooting Star is a single-candle bearish reversal pattern with a small real body near the low, upper shadow at least 2× the body, and minimal lower...
SMA is the arithmetic mean of closing prices over a set period, recalculated each bar by adding the newest close and dropping the oldest.
Spinning Top Candlestick is a candle with a small real body and upper/lower shadows each at least 2x the body length, signaling indecision between ...
Stochastic Oscillator is a momentum indicator comparing closing price to the high-low range over N periods, with readings above 80 overbought and b...
Supertrend is a trend-following indicator that overlays on price charts as a color-coded line, generating buy/sell signals when price crosses the A...
Supply and demand zones are price rectangles where large institutional orders caused sharp reversals, marking the origin of a move rather than a re...
Support is a price level where buying interest is strong enough to prevent further decline, causing price to bounce or consolidate.
Tape reading is the practice of interpreting real-time Level 2 order book depth and Time & Sales prints to gauge buying/selling pressure and short-...
Three Black Crows is a bearish reversal pattern of three consecutive long bearish candles, each opening within the prior body and closing near its ...
Three White Soldiers is a bullish reversal pattern of three consecutive long green candles, each opening within the prior body and closing near its...
A trendline is a diagonal line connecting two or more swing highs or lows to identify trend direction and dynamic support or resistance on a price ...
Triangle pattern is a consolidation formation where price narrows between two converging trendlines, compressing volatility until a breakout resolv...
Tweezer Tops & Bottoms is a two-candle reversal pattern where consecutive candles share identical highs (bearish) or lows (bullish), signaling tren...
Value Area is the price range containing approximately 70% of a session's traded volume, bounded by the Value Area High (VAH) and Value Area Low (V...
Volume is the total number of shares or contracts traded during a specific period, used to confirm price movements and gauge conviction behind a tr...
Volume Profile is a chart study that plots horizontal volume bars at each price level, identifying the Point of Control, Value Area, and high/low v...
VWAP (Volume Weighted Average Price) is the average price weighted by volume, showing the true average price traders paid during a session.
Wedge pattern is a converging trendline pattern where both support and resistance slope in the same direction, signaling potential reversal.
A wick (shadow) is the thin line above or below a candlestick body, showing the high and low prices reached during that period.
Williams %R is a momentum indicator measuring overbought/oversold conditions, ranging from 0 to -100, similar to an inverted Stochastic.
Wyckoff Method is a price-and-volume framework for decoding institutional buying and selling intent across four market phases: accumulation, markup...
The ascending triangle is a bullish continuation pattern defined by a flat resistance level and rising support trendline, signaling accumulation be...
Broadening formation (megaphone) is a reversal pattern with expanding price swings forming higher highs and lower lows, signaling increasing volati...
The Butterfly is a 5-point harmonic reversal pattern where point D overshoots the origin X at the 1.272 XA extension, signaling an exhaustion rever...
Crab Pattern is Scott Carney's most extreme harmonic setup, requiring a mandatory 1.618 XA extension at point D. It signals a high-probability reve...
The Cypher Pattern is a 5-point XABCD harmonic structure where C extends 1.272–1.414 of XA beyond the X origin and D retraces to 0.786 of XC, signa...
Dark Cloud Cover is a two-candle bearish reversal pattern where a gap-up open on Day 2 fails and closes below the 50% midpoint of Day 1's bullish b...
Dead cat bounce is a temporary price recovery within a sustained downtrend, typically retracing 20-38% of the prior decline on low volume before th...
The descending triangle is a bearish continuation pattern featuring flat horizontal support and a series of lower highs forming descending resistan...
Diamond Top and Bottom is a rare reversal pattern combining a broadening formation (left half) and symmetrical triangle (right half) into a rhombus...
Dragonfly doji is a single-candle reversal pattern where open, high, and close all print at the same level, leaving only a long lower shadow — sign...
Elliott Wave Pattern is a fractal price structure of 5 impulse waves followed by 3 corrective waves (A-B-C), signaling trend continuation. It appea...
The engulfing pattern is a two-candle reversal signal where the second candle's body completely engulfs the first, indicating a decisive shift from...
The Evening Star is a three-candle bearish reversal pattern forming at uptrend tops — a large bullish candle, a small indecision candle, and a larg...
Falling Three Methods is a five-candle bearish continuation pattern where a long bearish candle is followed by two to three small-bodied candles co...
Falling wedge is a bullish pattern formed by two converging downward-sloping trendlines. It signals a reversal in downtrends or continuation in upt...
The flag pattern is a short-term continuation pattern formed by a sharp price move (flagpole) followed by a tight, counter-trend consolidation (fla...
Gap trading patterns occur when price opens significantly above or below the prior close, creating a visible void on the chart. The four types — co...
Gravestone doji is a bearish reversal candlestick where open, close, and low are identical, with a long upper shadow (2-4x ATR) signaling complete ...
The Hammer is a single bullish reversal candlestick appearing at the bottom of a downtrend, featuring a small real body near the top and a long low...
The Hanging Man is a single bearish reversal candlestick appearing at the top of an uptrend, featuring a small real body and long lower shadow that...
High tight flag is a rare bullish continuation pattern requiring a 100%+ gain in 8 weeks or less, followed by a tight 10-25% consolidation over 3-5...
Inside Bar is a two-candle pattern where the second candle's high and low are entirely within the first candle's range, signaling price compression...
Inverse cup and handle is a bearish reversal pattern featuring a rounded top arc followed by a brief upward handle retracement and a high-volume br...
The inverse head and shoulders is a bullish reversal pattern forming at market bottoms with three troughs — the middle (head) deeper than the two s...
Inverted hammer is a single-candle bullish reversal pattern with a small real body at the bottom of its range and an upper shadow at least 2x the b...
Island Reversal is a gap-isolated price cluster that signals a strong trend reversal. It forms when an exhaustion gap separates a price cluster fro...
Kicker pattern is a two-candle reversal where the second candle gaps open at or beyond the prior candle's open price, leaving zero body overlap. It...
Long-Legged Doji is a single candlestick with both upper and lower shadows extending at least 2× the body length, and a body under 10% of total can...
Marubozu is a full-bodied candlestick with no upper or lower shadows, indicating that buyers or sellers controlled price action for the entire sess...
Measured Move (AB=CD) is a three-swing continuation pattern where the C→D impulse leg mirrors the A→B leg in price distance, projecting a precise t...
Megaphone pattern (broadening top) forms with expanding higher highs and lower lows, signaling market disagreement — typically a bearish reversal a...
The morning star is a three-candle bullish reversal pattern forming at downtrend bottoms, signaling exhausted selling pressure and buyer re-entry w...
Outside bar pattern forms when one candle's full high-to-low range engulfs the prior candle entirely, signaling a momentum reversal or continuation...
Pennant vs Flag vs Wedge compares three trendline-based consolidation patterns: flags use parallel lines sloping against the trend, pennants use co...
Piercing line is a two-candle bullish reversal pattern: a bearish candle followed by a bullish candle that gaps down then closes above the 50% midp...
Pin Bar is a candlestick rejection pattern (hammer/shooting star variant) with a tail at least 2/3 of total candle length, signaling intrabar price...
Price Channel pattern uses parallel support and resistance lines to define a trading range. Signals continuation when price respects boundaries and...
Quasimodo (QM) is a 5-swing reversal pattern that traps breakout buyers at a Higher High and stop-triggered sellers at a Lower Low before reversing...
Rising Three Methods is a five-candle bullish continuation pattern: one wide bullish candle, three small contained candles that stay within its ran...
Rising wedge is a bearish pattern formed by two converging upward-sloping trendlines. It signals a reversal in uptrends or continuation in downtren...
Rounding top (inverse saucer) is a bearish reversal pattern forming a smooth arc of declining highs over weeks to months, signaling a gradual shift...
The Shark harmonic pattern is an aggressive counter-trend setup using an OXABC label structure where B extends beyond X at 1.13–1.618 of OX, with c...
Spinning Top is an indecision candlestick with a small real body and long upper and lower shadows, signaling equilibrium between buyers and sellers...
Symmetrical triangle is a neutral continuation pattern formed by converging trendlines with lower highs and higher lows, signaling decreasing volat...
Three Black Crows is a bearish reversal candlestick pattern consisting of three consecutive long-bodied bearish candles, each opening inside the pr...
Three Inside Up and Down are three-candle reversal patterns that confirm a harami with a third candle closing beyond the first candle's body, signa...
Three White Soldiers is a bullish reversal candlestick pattern consisting of three consecutive long-bodied bullish candles, each opening within the...
Triple Bottom is a bullish reversal pattern where price tests the same support level three times before breaking out above the neckline, signaling ...
Tweezer tops and bottoms are two-candle reversal patterns where consecutive candles share nearly identical highs (tops) or lows (bottoms), signalin...
V-Bottom (spike bottom) is a sharp reversal pattern where panic selling creates a near-vertical drop of 10-30%+, exhausted by a volume climax bar 3...
Wyckoff Accumulation is a 5-phase base-building pattern where institutional buyers absorb supply before a markup phase, identified by a Selling Cli...
Bollinger Bands strategy uses volatility-based envelopes around a moving average to identify squeeze breakouts, trend continuations via band walks,...
Golden Cross is a long-term trend signal where the 50-day SMA crosses above the 200-day SMA, used by swing and position traders to identify major b...
Ichimoku Cloud Trading uses the five-line Ichimoku Kinko Hyo system to identify trend direction, momentum, and support/resistance zones. Popular wi...
MACD Trading uses Moving Average Convergence Divergence signals — crossovers, zero-line crosses, and histogram divergences — to time momentum entri...
Momentum Squeeze identifies volatility contractions where Bollinger Bands move inside Keltner Channels, signaling an imminent explosive move. Used ...
RSI Trading uses the Relative Strength Index to identify overbought and oversold conditions, divergence setups, and momentum shifts. Used by swing ...
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